VELCADE can cause serious side effects, including:
Neutropenia and leukopenia (low levels of neutrophils and leukocytes, types of white blood cells) and thrombocytopenia (low levels of platelets)
Neutropenia and leukopenia (low levels of neutrophils and leukocytes, types of white blood cells) and thrombocytopenia (low levels of platelets). VELCADE can cause low levels of white blood cells (infection-fighting cells) and/or platelets (clot-forming cells). You will have regular blood tests to check your cell counts during your treatment with VELCADE. Both platelets and neutrophils generally return toward their baseline levels during the 10-day rest period that is built into the treatment schedule for VELCADE.
If the number of these cells is very low, your doctor may change the dose and/or schedule of VELCADE. If your white blood cells become low, you can be at higher risk for infections. Tell your doctor if you develop a fever or believe you have an infection. If platelets become very low, there is an increased risk for bruising and bleeding. Your doctor may recommend a platelet transfusion. There have been cases of bleeding in the stomach, bowels, and brain during treatment with VELCADE.
Gastrointestinal problems (nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting)
Gastrointestinal problems (nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting) are generally mild to moderate and can often be managed with appropriate medications. Sometimes, however, they can be more serious. If you experience these symptoms, ask your doctor about medications that can be taken before your next dose of VELCADE that may help prevent these side effects from occurring.
Hypotension (low blood pressure)
Hypotension (low blood pressure). VELCADE can cause a drop in blood pressure. Tell your doctor if you have low blood pressure, feel dizzy, feel as though you might faint, or feel light-headed upon rising. If you are taking drugs that lower blood pressure, your medications might need to be adjusted. If you are not drinking enough liquids, your doctor may need to administer IV fluids. If you experience dizziness or fainting, you should not drive or operate machinery.
Peripheral neuropathy (tingling, numbness in the hands, arms, feet, or legs)
Peripheral neuropathy (tingling, numbness in the hands, arms, feet, or legs) can progress to discomfort, pain, muscle weakness, or a burning sensation, which in some cases can be severe. These symptoms should be immediately reported to your doctor or nurse, who will help you manage them. If you develop peripheral neuropathy, your dose of VELCADE may need to be lowered, your treatment interrupted until your symptoms get better, or VELCADE may be discontinued altogether. Should your symptoms improve, your doctor may decide to continue VELCADE at a lower dose. Your doctor may also suggest medications or therapies to relieve or lessen these symptoms.
Heart problems
Heart problems. VELCADE treatment can cause or worsen heart rhythm problems and heart failure. Your doctor may closely monitor you if you have, or are at risk for, heart disease. Tell your doctor if you experience chest pressure or pain, palpitations, swelling in your hands, ankles, or feet (peripheral edema), or shortness of breath.
Lung disorders
Lung disorders. There have been reports of lung disorders in patients receiving VELCADE. Some of these events have been fatal. Tell your doctor if you experience any cough, shortness of breath (dyspnea), wheezing, or difficulty breathing.
Liver disease
Liver disease. If you have liver problems, it can be harder for your body to get rid of VELCADE. VELCADE has caused sudden liver failure in patients who were taking many medications or had other serious medical conditions. Symptoms of liver problems include a yellow discoloration of the eyes and skin (jaundice) and changes in liver enzymes measured in blood tests. Your doctor will closely monitor you if you have liver disease. In patients with moderate or severe liver disease, VELCADE should be started at a lower dose. Additional dose adjustments may be made based on your tolerance of the drug.
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS). TLS can occur with cancer treatments and your doctor will be monitoring blood and urine for any signs of this syndrome. If you develop TLS, your doctor will take appropriate steps to treat it.
Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS)
Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS). There have been reports of a rare, reversible condition involving the brain called RPLS in patients treated with VELCADE. Patients with RPLS can have seizures, high blood pressure, headaches, tiredness, confusion, blindness, or other vision problems. VELCADE treatment should be stopped in cases of RPLS.
NEXT: Other Side Effects
Other side effects associated with VELCADE® (bortezomib) are described below. Remember, please talk to your doctor or nurse about the signs and symptoms to be aware of and contact your doctor if you experience any side effects or anything out of the ordinary.
Asthenia (fatigue, malaise, and weakness)
Asthenia (fatigue, malaise, and weakness) may be experienced during treatment. Make sure you get plenty of rest, maintain good nutrition, and stay well hydrated to help minimize fatigue. Also, trying to maintain some daily activity can be helpful. Make sure you talk to your doctor or nurse about ways to help manage your fatigue and how much activity is right for you.
Anemia (a low level of red blood cells)
Anemia (a low level of red blood cells) may temporarily occur during treatment with VELCADE. Red blood cells are oxygen-carrying cells. A low red blood cell count may lead to symptoms such as fatigue and shortness of breath. Your doctor may decide to treat your anemia with medication or a blood transfusion.
Anorexia (decreased appetite)
Anorexia (decreased appetite) is a condition resulting from the possible gastrointestinal side effects of VELCADE described previously (nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and vomiting). Increasing your fluid intake is recommended to prevent dehydration. Eating small frequent meals may help.
Pyrexia (fever)
Pyrexia (fever) may occur after VELCADE is administered. Ask your doctor for guidance on when to seek medical help.
Herpes zoster (a painful, itchy rash usually located in an area on one side of the body)
Herpes zoster (a painful, itchy rash usually located in an area on one side of the body) may develop while you are taking VELCADE. In addition, patients with multiple myeloma are at an increased risk for developing herpes zoster related to their decreased immune system function. Your doctor will discuss with you the option of taking an antiviral medication to help decrease your risk of developing this condition.
Additional side effects
Additional side effects that have been seen with VELCADE include insomnia (trouble sleeping) and headache.
NEXT: When to Contact My Doctor
You should call your doctor or nurse if you want to discuss any aspect of your treatment or if you have any questions. Be sure to advise your doctor of medications you may be currently taking, including over-the-counter medications and herbal products. It is also important to advise your doctor of any new or ongoing health concerns you may have.
Call your doctor or nurse immediately if you think you may be having a side effect. Your doctor may prescribe medicines to help minimize or even avoid the side effect. He or she may decide to lower your dose of VELCADE. In some cases it may become necessary to discontinue VELCADE altogether.
You should also tell your doctor if you:
- have kidney disease. If you are on dialysis, your doctor will administer VELCADE after the dialysis procedure.
- are taking medication for diabetes. VELCADE can affect your blood glucose levels. Your doctor may require close monitoring of your blood glucose levels and change the dose of your diabetes medicine while you are being treated with VELCADE.
- have liver disease.
- are using medicines like ketoconazole (an anti?fungal) and ritonavir (an antiviral), which will require close monitoring during treatment with VELCADE.
- are using any other medications (including over the counter drugs), herbal or dietary supplements, or holistic treatments.
- develop a rash of any type while receiving VELCADE.
The side effects of VELCADE may impair your ability to drive or operate machinery.
NEXT: What to Expect: Treatment With VELCADE